Pulverizer and other devices



May 19,1936. 6. H. FRASER PULVERIZER AND OTHER DEVICES.

Filed Dec 12, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet; 1

. INVENTOR I @M May 19, 1936.

a. H. FRASER PULVERIZER AND OTHER DEVICES 2 Sheets-Sheet? Filed Dec. 12, 1931 INVENTOR vZ 'M/ Patented May 19, 1936 "UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,040,841 runvaarzaa AND OTHER nnvrcns George Holt Fraser, Brooklyn, N. Y. Application December 12, 1931, Serial No. 580,628

11 Claims.

and tractionally rotating the other, and the roll l being radially and rockingly movable relatively to crushed and to transmit spring or other crushing pressure toward the material, some such pulverizers have had axial inlet and discharge openings axially of the ring affording part of an endless current passage extending axially through the ring. and returning externally of the casing. enclosing the crushing parts, through which passage an external blower has caused air to flow axially through the ring for outblowing crushed material inwardly of and axially of the crushing parts, for discharging dust and grit axially of the crushing parts, the material being crushed being subject to such current during the crushing operation. One improvement applicable to such pulverizers is shown in my Patent No. 1,943,306 granted Jan. 16, 1934, on my companion application Serial No. 577,918 filed Nov. 30, 1931, as in Part a continuation of my original application Serial No. 26,033 filed April 27, 1925, which in 'part pertaining to Air separators matured into Patent No. 1,834,095 dated Dec. 1, 1931, in which the ring is shown as having an axially inwardly compressive inclined traction face at each side of its crushing face and the roll is shown as having without peripheral slippage, and inclinable' bearlugs for the rollshafts are provided to permit the roll to be rocked relatively to the axis of the ring, in which application Serial No. 577,918 I have shown and claimed a tractionally driven-rotative ring within a casing having a semi-circula! or semi-spiral peripheral wall disposed about I a horizontal axis and having a tangential peripheral current discharge'outletopening and a tangential peripheral current inlet opening, connected by a circuitous return current passage extended around a partition and crossed by dust interceptor means, the curved wall of the casing being spaced from the outer periphery of the ring, and fan blades being mounted on the-outer periphery of the ring and revolved with it in the space between such periphery and such wall, for causing a fluid current to enter through said inlet and circulate'outwardly of the outer periphery of the die around the casing and discharge tangentially through such outlet, for floating fine material around the casing outwardly of the outer periphery of the die and discharging it tangentially of the casing and outwardly of the outer periphery of the die into such passage, and for returning l5 cleaned current through such interceptor means and such inlet tangentially, outwardly of the outer pheriphery of the die, to such blades, the blades being preferably eccentric of the chamber and adjacent the partition between its outlet and its inlet and rotated with and at the speed of the die, for eliminating passage of such-current axially through the die, for avoiding molestation by such current of material within the die during pulverization.

,In such mills a. layer of granular material being crushed is held between the inner crushing face of the ring and the peripheral crushing face of the roll, and discharged at the sides of these, and when the ring is tractionally driven from the 3 crushing face of the roll the torque is transmitted through this layer of granular material, which causes the granules to move between the crushing faces and cause wear and slippage therebetween during tractional drive of one from the other.

My present invention aims to provide improvements in pulverizers and other devices especially applicable to mills of the ring and roll type in which the ring and they crushing roll are the one driven and the other tractionally rotated from it, 40 for improving their tractional engagement and axially positioning them, and for facilitating radial rocking of the roll, and for preventing escape of dust from the crushing faces to the bear ings in which the roll is movably and rockingly mounted. To this end in carrying out the preferred adaptation of my present improvements as applied to a ring having an inner annular concave crushing face having a cross-sectional shape of a segment of a sphere, I preferably provide radially outwardly of each side of its crushing face an annular outwardly flared ori inclined material discharge male tractional driving face, and as applied to a crushing roll having a peripheral rial discharge the adjacent inclined face of thering radially outwardly of said crushing faces, for compressively tractionally engaging the latter radially outwardly of said crushing faces, to

cutting into the shaft; and I preferably provide drive one of said-parts from the other from outwardly of and adJacent said zone, and thereby to prevent tractional slippage between them from radially outwardly of said crushing faces, as well as to radially space their crushing faces when desired for controlling the fineness of material crushed between them; and when a plurality of crushing rolls is used I preferably provide one or .more of them with removable conical material interceptor and discharge, check flanges spaced axially of theircrushing faces and radially outwardly of their crushing faces radially and outwardly projecting into the plane of the flared tractional faces of the .ring for co-operating with its side faces radially outwardly of its crushing face,

to limit relative axial movement of the ring and.

roll from radially outwardly of their crushing faces; and I preferably provide compensating rocking hearings in the shape of a segment of a sphere for rotatively and rockingly carrying the roll shafts from their bearing-frames, and radially movable bearing members having sockets preferably in the shape of a segment of a sphere for radially and axially moving and rockingly sustaining said bearings, and preferably having a lubricant inlet adjacent the periphery of said bearings and in communication with a preferably peripheral lubrication groove around the bearing and one or more preferably radial lubricant ducts communicating from such groove to centrally of the interior of the bearing for introducing cl'ean' lubricant centrally thereof; and I preferably provide radially yielding expansive and contractive cup shaped washers at each side of the bearing as a closure against escape of lubricant around the shaft during its rocking movements; and I preferably provide a radially and rockingly movable dust closure between the bearings and the outer wall of the casing of the pulverizer, for permitting slight radial movement of the roll and rocking with the rocking movement of its shaft to prevent traverse of dust toward the bearing during such rocking movement, which closure preferably has a portion in the shape of a segment of a sphere struck from the centre of the rocking bearing and rocking in a corresponding spherical cavity in a radially sliding dust guard sustained by and movable with and axially of the bearing frame; and I preferably provide the vertical'side wall of a.-crushing chamber with an inner slotted wall spaced inwardly of its plane and having in its outer face a radial 'slideway, and with a slotted outer'wall having on its inner face a radial slideway opposite and spaced from said slideway, which inner and outer walls are preferably separately relatively removable, the outer wall pref-- erably constituting a slotted. plate against 'which saidsliding plate slides to close its slot, which slotted plate is preferably removably mounted on a slotted cup shaped plate affording within it a dust chamber between the roll and the slotted Y plate, in which I preferably provide radially movable and radially slidably contaetive members, as-

sliding and rolling dust platesencircling the shaft a rotary..dust collar on the shaft and spaced between the slotted plates, between which it is axially movable with the axial movement of the shaft to prevent direct flow of dust along the shaft,

and I provide various other features of improvement which will hereinafter be more fully set forth with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a tractionally driven ring mill, showing the preferred form of my improved ring and rolls in side elevation; 1

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view thereof, partly broken awayto' show the upper roll in plan and one of the lower rolls and the ring in radial section, and to show the dust collector partly in horizontal section; I 7

Fig. -3 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical axial section of one of the upper bearings and its dust guards and roll; r Fig. 4 is a fragmentary transverse section thereof cut approximately on the line 4-4 and looking in the direction of the arrow, and

Fig. 5 is afragmentary' side elevation of one of the lower dust guards,

Referring to the drawings let A indicate a casing enclosing a chamber, B a. crushing die therein,

C the top crushing roll, Cl the front crushing roll, 02 the rear crushing roll, D the feed supply or inlet, E the dust outlet, and F thedrive, of a ring and roll pulverizer. v

These parts may be of any usual or suitableconstruction for supplying material to be crushed between the ring and rolls, rotating these to crush the material, and discharging crushed material from the discharge.

As shown the ring is a die having an inne concave annular crushing face b disposed about a substantially horizontal axis, and the rolls are rotatable within the ring and each has a peripheral convex crushing face G in the form of a segment of a sphere and acting toward the concave face to crush material between these faces.

The ring and rolls are rotated in any suitable manner as by driving the shaft H of the toproli C from the pulley F and tractionally driving the ring B from the top roll C, and tractionally driv-' ing the lower rolls from the ring,'each shaft B. being rotatably and rockingly mounted in its heating I, .which is radially moved by its bearing frame J and out-pressed by inner pressure springs K and outer pressure springs adjusted by pressure' screws M, to yieldingly sustain the roll toward the ring with a crushing pressure sumcient to crush the material on theinner face of 577,918, the casing A has a curved semi-circular or semi-spiral peripheral wall spaced outwardly from the outerperiphery of the ring and dis-i posed around a horizontal axis, andencioses a ity will be avoided,

R affording a grit well a the rolls to variations wardly of said crushing faces at crushing chamber N within the ringand a semicircular or semi-spiral blower chamber 0 without the ring, and has a tangential upper current eiiiuent outlet P and a tangential lower current influent inlet Q, connected by a current passage S for returning grit to the supply D, and crossed by a dust interceptor or filter T for intercepting dust floating through the passage and conducting it into a dust collector U for discharging such dust through the dust outlet E and returning cleaned air to the inlet Q, and the ring B is disposed eccentrically within and spaced from the casing and affords a partition between the pulverizing chamber and the blower chamber therein and rotary fan blades V around the ring revolve in the space between it and the casing A for causing a separating air current to enter through the inlet Q and flow around the casing to the outlet P and flow through the collecting passage R for outfloating fine material discharged from the ring, returning oversize to the ring and discharging dust.

As shown the bearings H are carried by swinging yokes W encircling the casing A and positioried around it by stop springs X around the pressure springs L, and by inner springs Y and outer springs Z adjacent the pressure spring, and all preferably in the plane of revolution of the ring, which yokes swing radially of the ring to press the rolls toward it and have slight transverse rocking action to yieldingly resist axial end thrust of the shafts of the rolls and to permit such shafts to-rock radially slightly to adapt in the depth of the material being crushed at one side or another of the ring, so that therolls may rock slightly on their spherical peripheries during crushing, and rigiduniversal flexibility being desirable in such devices to avoid crystallization of the shafts and prevent theirbreakage.

According to one feature of improvement my invention preferably provides the ring B constructed radially outwardly of its crushing lace with a conical and preferably integral annular male outwardly flared axially expansive wedge shaped material discharge traction face a at each sideeof its concave crushing face 17, and the roll C is constructed radially outwardly of its crushing face with a conical and preferably integral outwardly extended similarly inclined axially compressive annular wedge shaped material discharge interceptor female traction face 0 at each side of its peripheral crushing face G, which faces intercept discharge of material between them and the faces a, and engage andare wedged radially outwardly of said crushing faces into intimate gripping axial contact with the faces a, outwardly of the zone of said interception, as the ring and roll are pressed together, for tractionally rotating them from radially outlilie peripheral speed for revolving one from the other from outwardly of and adjacent said zone, without slippage or tractional wear at their crushing faces and for consuming within the ring and roll of axial stress incident to their wedg engagement, and are preferably spaced and proportioned to slightly space the periphery of the roll 'from the adjacent inner crushing face of the I ring from radially outwardly of said crushing faces, when limitation of extent of crushing is desired and to permit them to wear into each other to desired extent before the periphery of the crushing faces shall contact. These faces axially guide the rin and to track on one another, the lower part of the ring to swing slightly axially to adapt itself to variations in the thickness of material being crushed against it.. 7

According to another featuft of improvement my invention preferably provides spaced axially removable outwardly flared rotary check plates 1 material interceptor discharge d at each side of the peripheral crushing face of each lower roll. and spaced inwardly of this face and extended outwardly obliquely at its sides and similarly inclined to and spaced axially from the inclined tractional faces of the ring and extended radially outwardly beyond these faces in line with the conical sides of the ring, for permitting axial movement of the lat r and affording a discharge space between eac side of the ring and the check plates and for axially rotatively and but preferably permit preferably wedgi'ngly limiting or arresting axial swing of the lower part of the ring, which tends to spin on the convex periphery of the top rollor to travel toward either side. The plates (1 are preferably bolted against the side of their rolls by removable through-bolts, and oneof them serves as a roll collar by clamping between it and the roll a shoulder e on the shaft H'to hold the roll axially of its shaft. The plates 11 revolve at the same peripheral speed as the adjacent part of the ring, to minimize wear between them and centrifugally discharge crushed material between them and the ring, and are removable for renewal when necessary.

According to another feature of improvement I preferably provide compensating bearings I having the form of a segment of a sphere forswingingly carrying the radially and axially movable shafts H of the rolls from their bearing frames J and transmitting their radial thrust to these frames, preferably by forming the frames with a cylindrical clearance bore in which is formed asocket 1' having the shape of a segment of a sphere corresponding to the spherical periphery of the hearing I and receiving the latter for radially and axially positioning it while permitting it to swing or rock relatively of the frame to adapt itself to crushing stresses and to rotatively sustain the shaft without undue rigidity, and to rockingly transmit its radial and,axial stresses to the frame to permit the latter to reroll and compel them 7 sist such stresses with the minimum of friction and without cramping incident to rocking or flexing of the shaft relative to the frame, and to close the outer ends of the bore I preferably co n struct the frame with annular male end faces 9 in the form of a segment of a sphere strucl; from the center of the bearing" I, and rockingly engaged by a non-rotative Quter thrust washer h and a non-rotative inner thrust washer i having female faces 7' in the shape of a segment of a sphere rockingly fltting against the faces a, which washers are carried by the shaft and movably close the end faces ofjthe frame against ingress of dust or egress of ldbricant during rotary or rocking movements of the shaft, the outer washer being held against the frame by springs k and a spherical thrust collar 1 between it and an outer arc shaped thrust collar r, and the inner washer being held against the frame by a spring m, and cup: shaped washers n of expansive and contractile material being preferably mounted around the shaft inwardly, of the washers h and i to yield and expand with the rocking of the shaft and to' resist egress of lubricant around ing frame to permit movement of the latter axially of the ring, and has cleared the shaft sufficiently to permit rocking movement of the latter, such clearance having been partially closed by the rotary collar r slidingly keyed on the shaft and sustaining the washer i and areciprocal washer sliding against the dust guard p, which washer tended to rock open with the rocking of the shaft, which according to one feature of" my present improvement I preferably prevent by providing an oscillating washer 8 having an annular male surface of a segment of a sphere rockingly engaging a similarly shaped female cavity 14 in the dust guard so that the closure between these may be complete during rocking of the shaft. The spring m reacts between the washers i and s to v press them apart and keep them seated.

. Heretofore the vertical side wall or cover A of the casing A has been extended in a vertical plane spaced from the side of the ring B to facilitate discharge of crushed material from the latter, and has had a roll or shaft clearance inlet aperture spaced from the side of the roll, at the side of which the casing has been provided movable diametrically divided castings, the inner wall being inwardly of the plane of the side cover for enclosing between the inner and outer walls an annular clearance chamber around the shaft and a shaft slot for permitting radial movement of the shaft, within stead of preventing such communication, or the side wall of the crushing chamberhas had a aperture and removably fastened on its outer face, as a slotted cover v, the slot of which has been closed by the dust guard p, and according to one feature of as applied ,to the vertical a crushing chamber having enclosing a dust chamber at the inner side of this cover, I preferably provide and space inwardly of the plane of such cover radially movable and radially contactively slidable dust resistant walls for said crushing and dust chambers within the atter and in radially'slidable overlapped contact with said inner and outer walls and extended across their slots, for completing the side walls of said crushing and dust chambers across said slots, and I preferably provide relatively axially separable and removable walls for this chamber, as by forming these walls separately instead of integral with the cover and accompli'sh this by providing at the inner side of the cover an additional similarly shaped cover 11 70 having an inwardly extended wall w and an inn'er slotted walla: encircling the shaft and preferably made of cup shaped stamped metal clamped between the side wall of the casing A and the usual roll cover 12, so that the latter can 75 be removed for access to the inner chamber, and

inner and outer walls t in the shape able radially with axially spaced walls formed integrally in re- I I preferably mount sustaining' the weight of the fibre plates (2' on tracks d washer 0' should have preferably a circular pe- 2,0 0,841 preferably held in place both can be removed for removal of the roll, and in the inner dust chamber aiforded between them ter by U shaped ing between them a space in mount a rotary dust collar b" which travels with the shaft and moves axially between the plates 10 z, to prevent dust flowing along the shaft,

This construction is preferred for frictionally weight of the fibre washer z for the shafts or other springs a and affordwhich I preferably the shaft of approximates an angle of approximately 30 from the horizontal I Prefer to rollingly sustain the the upper roll, but for below them in the'lower cup shaped cover 11, and

to prevent their rotation I preferably provide so them with teeth meshing withnotches I in the cap, which afford between them spaces through which dust may drift from the inner chamber, for which purpose provision is made in the upper cap cover 1 by constructing its lower side with an outlet aperture 0'. When the lower yohes swing from a fulcrum the track 11' is preferably made in the shape of an arc struck from that fulcrum, and the lower fibre riphery concentric with the axis of their shafts respectively, and each washer should be movof its shaft independent of the other washer to permit each to adapt itself to the rocking of the portion ,of its shaft which it engages, to. permit which I preferably expansively press them apart with sufficient force to frictionally sustain part of their weight, for which I preferably interpose between them flexible expansive spiral springs h.

In such devices the crushing pressure is exerted against one side of the bearing, and it is desirable that clean lubricant should be forced into the center of the bearing so that it may flow outwardly each way, and my invention preferably provides for this by providing the bearing frame with a forced lubricant inlet i' at single removable outer wall across its roll inlet my present invention side wall or cover of its pressure .side and at the center of its concave socket, and the spherical bearing I with a peripheral lubricant duct 1' around and coincident with the spherical crown of its periphery and in juxtaposition to the duct 1' for receiving lubricant from. the latterand conducting it around the periphery of the bearing I, and I provide one or more radial ducts 1c through the bearing communicating from its peripheral circumferential duct to centrally of its interior, the groove 1' being wide enough to communicate with the duct i throughout rocking movement of the bearing, and serving to conduct'from the duct i to one or another of the ducts k for insuring entrance, of lubricant centrally of the bearing during its rocking movement and regardless of whether'or' not the ducts It are in line with the duct 1.

According to another feature of improvement my invention preferably provides the usual cheek plates 1 at the sides of the die B with inward 1y extended peripheral projections m partly en ircling and coinciding with the wall a: of the her dust chamber, and with outer dust ou em 1: across their outer faces below the lower dust chambers for permitting dust to drift from the latter outwardly of the cheek plates, which prefrolls the radial movement of which 15 I erably are cast iron rings having'the dust ducts n. on their outer faces and the usual bottom scrap well or outlet intermediate these ducts.-

According to another feature of improvement the outer. end of the'shaft H projecting beyond the collar 1 is closed against ingress of dustby an annular dust cap 11 having an enlarged socket having an annular face q' spaced around the end of the shaft and having the shape of a segment of a sphere against which movably seats an annular washer r' fitting around the shaft and having a spherical portion 3' movably fitting the face q and moving thereon with movements of the shaft, which washer r is spaced from the thrust collar 1 by an annular spacer t' holding the washer toward the cap well to permit is movement in the enlarged portion of the latter.

According to another feature of improvement I preferably construct the bearing I of an outer member u having an outer periphery v in the shape of a segment of a sphere around the crown of which it is formed with the peripheral groove 1'' inwardly of whichit is formed with an inner rib r, at each side of which it is formed with an annular ball race to, intermediate of which races it is formed with radially extended ducts is communicating from the groove to in termedite the races for inletting lubricant centrally of 'thelatter, and I space inwardly'of such race an inner member y having a central rib 2' between the ball races at, and anti-frictional balls orrollers bZbetween these races to radially and axially rollingly resist or transmit thrusts from one race to the other, and I rockingly seat the outer race in the spherical socket f of the frame J, and axially fix the inner race around the shaft H, so that the shaft may be rotatively and rockingly anti-frictionally sustained by the frame against radial and axial thrust, and the lubricant forced into the duct 1'. of the frame may travel through the groove :i' around the periphery of the outer raceand through the duct is and be delivered intermediate of the rollers or balls.

For resisting axial thrust in one direction the inner race is preferably mountedagainst a shoulder c2, and according to one feature of my invention for preventing its rotation and for resisting its axial movement in the other direction I preferably form the outer corner of it with a notch (22 and the shaft with a keyway 62, the bottom faces of the notch and keyway being segments of a circle struck from the same centre, between which faces I preferably provide an arc shaped key f2, which rocks into the are shaped space between the shaft and the innner race and engages the corner of the latter to prevent the race from turning on the shaft and engages the are shaped faces of the shaft and race to prevent it from moving axially of the shaft,- but is low enough to permit it being rocked around the exposed portion of the are shaped bottom of the notch for permitting its removal from the cavity between the race and the shaft, which key is preferably prevented from loosening by a spring or other r a?- According to another feature of improvement I preferably prevent rotation .of the outer race .by mounting in the groove 7'' a half round ring or "spring or wire clip 712- having outwardly and inwardly extended rocked or pivotal rotation resistant or bent ends i2 engaging the diametrically opposite ducts k and diametrically opposite sockets 7'2 in the parting between the body and cap of the bearing frame, for resisting 'rotation of the outer race, while permitting the outer race to rock freely with its shaft in the direction of the crushing stress.

- In operation material to be pulverlz edjis, fed

which pulverize it and push it off past the sides of the ring so that it flies from the inner crushing chamber to the outer blower-chamber. The

.rotary fan whirls the air and the dust flne enough to float in it around the die to the outlet P through which itpasses with a downward curve ing large particles in this well and returning them to the feed inlet. The air rises from the well S through the passage B. into the chamber U from which it passes through the filter T which intercepts dust floating in it and permits the cleaned air to return through the tangential inlet Q to the blower chamber, the dust being conducted from the return air'by the dust conduit E so that the air is continuously'circulated through an endless path the lower leg of which extends peripherally around the die and its crushing chamber and crushing elements and the upper leg. which affords a circuitous passage between the outlet and the inlet and encloses a precipitation chamber for into the grit well S for centrifugally precipitatgravity return of oversize, a separating chamber which are positioned by their springs, and it is axially positioned by the male and female tractional faces of the top roll and axially limited by the check plates on the lower rolls against its tendency to axially swing or spin on the periphery of the top roll, and these wedge faces afford radially outwardly of the crushing faces a wedging tractional engagement between the die and the top roll for insuring rotation of one from the other without slippage and without tractional wear of their crushing faces, and for limiting the approach'of their crushing faces.

The spherical rocking bearings for the roll shafts will permit their shafts and bearing frames to rock relatively to one another and their shafts to rock to compensate for inequalities in their wedging faces or for unequal distribution on the inner face of the ring of the material being crushed by the rolls.

The inlet apertures through the inner and outer walls of the crushing chamber will be radially slidably closed by the radially slidably contactive walls 2 between and diver-gently pressed against the inner and outer walls respectively, for contactively slidably resisting communication from the crushing chamber to the clearance chamber and from the clearance chamber to any dust guard provision outside of the walls of the crushing chamber, andthe presser means a between the contactive walls 2 will axially space these from outwardly of and around the collar 0' spaced between them, for permitting rotation of this collar inwardly of the presser means.

.The rotary collars and sliding plates around the shaft will be accessibly enclosed and protected in this chamber, and the sliding and oscillatory plates betweenthe roll covers and the hearings will adapt themselves to rocking of the shaft while closing the varia le space between its roll and the bearing frame.

Grease under pressure will be forced around and into the center of the oscillating bearing and old grease will be forced from each side of this bearing and retained around it by the flexible cup washers filling the space between the shaft and the bearing frame.

The spherical cavity in the bearing frame will axially and radially rockingly position the outer ring of, the bearing, and the balls between the outer and inner rings will axially and radially position the inner ring, which will radially and axially position the shaft in both against axial thrust in either direction when circumferentially and axially keyed to the shaft by my axially thrust resistant rocking key atone side for holding against the out thrust shoulder on the shaft at the other side.

:'It will be seen that: my invention provides inrprov'ements which can be variously and advantageously availed of in whole or, in part, and

it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular details of construction, arrangement, or combination of parts, set forth as constituting its preferred form, since it can be availed of in whole or in part according to such constructions, arrangementafor combination of parts, as circumstances, or the judgment of those slnlled in the art may dictate, without departingfrom the spirit of the invention.

My peripheral lubricant groove and radial duct may be applied to the outer ring of any ball bearing and-any rockable anti-friction bearing may be used with my improvements, whether the portion .35 of the outer ring in the shape of a segment of a sphere is its inner or outerperiphery, and whether the cross-sectional contour of the inner and outer races and corresponding curvature of the antifrictional rolls between them, are such as to aiford oscillation as well as rotation of the shaft with anti-frictional axial thrust resistance.

My radially slidable have are shaped faces of, a cylinder for engaging similarfaces on the parts against which they slide, and spherical faces for engaging similar faces on the rotative parts plates and collars may which engage them to sustain or slide them.

The key I! utilizes the rocking principle of the Woodward key and the rocking limitation principle of the Hylo key and improves these by adapting them to having the minimum possible key seat instead of being weakened by a through proves themto utilize them for axial thrust resistance in one or both directions, preferably in both directions as shown in the inner wall of the notch or key seat d2, and forming the key 12- with a concave edge fitting and engaging both sides of the convexinner wall in the ring, so that the ends of the key resist axial movement of this wall in either direction when the free end of'the key is locked by passing over it the sleeve or ring g2, which ring when disengaged permits the key to be rocked out.

The bearing and dust guard and leakage prevention constructions herein shown and described are not claimed in the present application, but are claimed in a. divisional application filed July 20, 1935, Serial No. 32,423.

What I claim is:

1. In a pulverizer comprising, support means, a rotatable annular crushing die thereon, having side discharge faces and an inner annular crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die, having a peripheral crushing -with the adjacent of said in the form of a segment rotative resistance of a ring key seat and im-' Fig. 3v by grooving the inner ring to a curvature corresponding to that of crushing faces, adapted to rotate one of said rotatable parts from the other from radially outwardly of said crushing faces, comprising a material discharge, conical male traction face, at each side of and rotatable with said die, extended divergently outwardly around said inner face, and adapted to divergently discharge crushed mate-' ,tractional drive medns radially outwardly of said rial therefrom, and a material interceptor, conical female traction face at ca side of and rotatable with. said roll, extended divergently outwardly beyond said crushing faces and tractionally engaged discharge faces radially outwardly of said crushing faces, and adapted to intercept said discharge adjacent said engagement, said discharge'and interceptor faces of like conicity, and said female faces rotatable with and in axially compressive tractional engagement with said male faces radially outwardly of .the zone of said interception, and adapted to tractionally rotate one of said rotatable parts from the other with minimum molestation from said discharge.

2. In the pulverizer specified in claim 1, said crushing faces being radially spaced from one another and adapted to granulate said material between their spaced faces, and said material inter-- ceptor conical female traction faces being outwardly of said inner face and extended radially outwardly across said space, and adapted to'intercept said discharge axially of said space, and-being radially resistantly axially compressively tractionally engagedwith said material discharge male traction faces radially outwardly of said space, said male and female faces adapted to tractionally interengage radially outwardly of said space and said interception, and to radially space said crushing faces from, and to tractior'ially rotate one of said rotatable parts from the other from, outwardly of said space and said intercrushing faces being axially concave and-convex respectively, and having maximum central'and minimum side diameters, and said discharge and interceptor conical faces being tractionally interengaged adjacent the zone of and radially outwardly of said said interception inner diameters,

' and-adapted-to axially;v compressively tractionally,

rotate one of said rotatable parts from the other from adjacent said interception and from outwardly of said inner diameters, with minimum molestation from said discharge.

4. In the pulverizer specified in claim 1, said die and said roll being one radially sustained from the other, and saidmaterial interceptor conical faces being radial sustainer, axially compressive, traction faces radially outwardly of said inner face, and in radial support and tractionai drive engagement outwardly thereof with said material discharge faces adjacent said interception, and adapted to radially sustain and axially compressively tractionally rotate one of said sotatable parts from the other from radiallyoutwardly of the zone of said crushing and with minimum molestation from said discharge.

' wardly across the specified in claim 1, said- 5. In the pulverizer die being the driven and said roll being the driver rotatable part, and said rotary drive means being adapted to rotate said roll, and said material discharge male conical faces at each side of said die being tractionally driven faces radially outwardly of said inner face, and said material'interceptor female conical faces being tractional driver faces radially-outwardly of said peripheral face, and axially compressively'drivingly engaged with said driven faces adjacent said interception and radially outwardly of said crushing zone, and adapted to rotate said die from said roll from radially outwardly of said crushing faces and outwardly of said interception,'with minimum molestation from said discharge.

6. Inthe pulverizer specified in claim 1, said dieand roll being rotatable around substantially horizontal axes, and adapted to horizontally discharge crushed material from between said crushing faces, and said material interceptor female conical faces being extended divergently outzone of said horizontal dis charge and axially compressively tractionally engaged with said material discharge male conical faces outwardly of and adjacent said zone, and adapted to intercept and diverge said discharge achacent said engagement, and to tractionally rotate one of said rotatable parts from the other from adjacent said interception and divergence and with minimum molestation from said discharge.

'7. In the pulverizer specified in claim 1, said die and roll being rotatable on substantially horizontal axesyand said die being vertically sustained by said roll, and said material interceptor female conical faces being ,die sustainer, axially compressive, tractional drive faces, outwardly of said peripheral faces, and said material discharge male conical faces being die sustainer tractional drive 'faces' outwardly of said inner face, said tractional faces being interengaged adjacent said interception and radially outwardly of said crushing faces, and adapted to vertically support said diefrom said roll, and to tractionally rotate one of said rotatable parts from the other, from outwardly of said interception and with minimum molestation from said discharge.

8. In the pulverizer specified in claim 1, said die and said roll being rotatable around substantially horizontal axes and said roll being adjacent the upper part of said die, and said material interceptor, axially compressive, female conical faces, and said material discharge, male conical faces, being wedgingly interengaged above said roll and above and adjacent the zone of said interception,

anda lower. roll within and eccentric of. a lower portion of face downwardly pressed against said inner face below said interceptor, and adapted to thereby downwardly press said die from below said zone said die, having a peripheratcrushing" toward said first roll, and thereby from below the latter to intensify said engagement with minimum molestation from said discharge.

9. In the pulverizer specified in claim 1, said die and roll rotatable around substantially horizontal axes and said roll disposed adjacent the upper part of said die, and a rotatable lowerroll within and eccentric of said die, below said upper roll and above and in operative relation to a lower portion of said material discharge conical faces, having at each side of said lower roll a die interceptor female conical face, extended radially outwardly beyond said inner face and across the adjacent one of said material discharge male faces, of similar conicity to the latter, and adapted to rotatably engage therewith, and thereby to rotatably resist axial movement of the lower portion of said die fromlradially. outwardly of thet'lower portion of':

said inner face and from below said upper roll.

10.. In a pulverizer comprising, support means, a rotatable and axially movable annular crushing die carried thereby, having divergently outwardly flared conical material discharge side faces and an intermediate inner annular crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die, having a peripheral crushing face co-operable with said inner face, for crushing material thereagainst, supply means adapted to supply material to be crushed to said inner face, and rotary drive means adapted to rotate one of said rotatable parts; the combination therewith of a material interceptor conical annular rotatable check face at each side of and rotatable with said roll, spaced axially from and extended radially divergently outwardly opposite and across the adjacent one of said discharge faces, of similar conicity. tothe latter, rotatable with said roll, and adapted to rotatably diverge said discharge between it and said discharge face during normal movement of said die, andto rotatably engage said discharge face radially outwardly of said inner face, and then to intercept said discharge'and check axial movement of said die, upon abnormal axial move-- ment thereof, and thereby to resist said abnormal movement with minimum molestation from said discharge.

11. In the pulverizer specified in claim 10, said material interceptor conical face at each side. of said roll being extended from radially inwardly of the peripheral crushing face of said roll diverfrom, and adapted upon wear the space between it and said conical interceptor face, and th "reby to absorb mum interference of said concial faces with said absorption.

GEORGE HOLT of said peripheral face to permit said conical discharge face to enter said wear, with mini 

